See clyngen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cling"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cling"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "cling"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cling"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "clyng"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"clingan",
"clingan#Old_English"
],
[
"*klingan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/klingan"
],
[
"*klinganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klinganą#Proto-Germanic:_adhere"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clingan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English clingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clingan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English clingan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klinganą",
"id": "adhere"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klinganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English clingan, from Proto-West Germanic *klingan, from Proto-Germanic *klinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clyngeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clyngynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clong",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clongen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to clingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clingest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clingeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clangen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clingeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clingynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clingende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yclongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yclonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cling",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clyng",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clyngyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "clyngen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "clyngeth",
"2": "clyngynge",
"3": "clong",
"4": "clongen"
},
"expansion": "clyngen (third-person singular simple present clyngeth, present participle clyngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative clong, past participle clongen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cling",
"2": "clong",
"2a": "clang",
"3": "clong",
"3a": "clang",
"4": "clong",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "clyngynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 20 26 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To solidify; to adhere as to form a mass."
],
"id": "en-clyngen-enm-verb-TGDESiya",
"links": [
[
"solidify",
"solidify"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To solidify; to adhere as to form a mass."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 20 26 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stick or cling; to become adhesive."
],
"id": "en-clyngen-enm-verb-adRxuQbv",
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"cling",
"cling"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"adhesive",
"adhesive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To stick or cling; to become adhesive."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 20 26 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 28 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 12 54 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 99 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Fear",
"orig": "enm:Fear",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To be scared or frightened; to be struck by fear."
],
"id": "en-clyngen-enm-verb-KcAl4fKb",
"links": [
[
"shrivel",
"shrivel"
],
[
"wither",
"wither"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"vitality",
"vitality"
],
[
"scared",
"scared"
],
[
"frightened",
"frightened"
],
[
"struck",
"struck"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To be scared or frightened; to be struck by fear."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 20 26 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To decay or waste away; to reduce into nothing."
],
"id": "en-clyngen-enm-verb-Cuecx0Lr",
"links": [
[
"shrivel",
"shrivel"
],
[
"wither",
"wither"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"vitality",
"vitality"
],
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"waste away",
"waste away"
],
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"nothing",
"nothing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To decay or waste away; to reduce into nothing."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 20 26 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To insert oneself into something."
],
"id": "en-clyngen-enm-verb-QBsv5cAS",
"links": [
[
"insert",
"insert"
],
[
"something",
"something"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To insert oneself into something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklinɡən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkliːnɡən/"
}
],
"word": "clyngen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Fear"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cling"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cling"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "cling"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cling"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "clyng"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"clingan",
"clingan#Old_English"
],
[
"*klingan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/klingan"
],
[
"*klinganą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klinganą#Proto-Germanic:_adhere"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clingan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English clingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clingan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English clingan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klinganą",
"id": "adhere"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klinganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English clingan, from Proto-West Germanic *klingan, from Proto-Germanic *klinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clyngeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clyngynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clong",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clongen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to clingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clingest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clingeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clangen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clingeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clingynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clingende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yclongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yclonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cling",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clinge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clyng",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "clyngyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "clyngen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "clyngeth",
"2": "clyngynge",
"3": "clong",
"4": "clongen"
},
"expansion": "clyngen (third-person singular simple present clyngeth, present participle clyngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative clong, past participle clongen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cling",
"2": "clong",
"2a": "clang",
"3": "clong",
"3a": "clang",
"4": "clong",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "clyngynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To solidify; to adhere as to form a mass."
],
"links": [
[
"solidify",
"solidify"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To solidify; to adhere as to form a mass."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To stick or cling; to become adhesive."
],
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"cling",
"cling"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"adhesive",
"adhesive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To stick or cling; to become adhesive."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To be scared or frightened; to be struck by fear."
],
"links": [
[
"shrivel",
"shrivel"
],
[
"wither",
"wither"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"vitality",
"vitality"
],
[
"scared",
"scared"
],
[
"frightened",
"frightened"
],
[
"struck",
"struck"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To be scared or frightened; to be struck by fear."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To decay or waste away; to reduce into nothing."
],
"links": [
[
"shrivel",
"shrivel"
],
[
"wither",
"wither"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"vitality",
"vitality"
],
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"waste away",
"waste away"
],
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"nothing",
"nothing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To shrivel or wither; to decrease in size or vitality:",
"To decay or waste away; to reduce into nothing."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To insert oneself into something."
],
"links": [
[
"insert",
"insert"
],
[
"something",
"something"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To insert oneself into something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklinɡən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkliːnɡən/"
}
],
"word": "clyngen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for clyngen meaning in Middle English (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.